How can solar concentration supply industrial process heat?

Delivering industrial heat with concentrated solar

Solar concentration is well-suited to industrial heating because it can produce high-temperature thermal energy directly on site. Industries such as food processing, chemicals, mining, pulp and paper, and desalination often require steady high-temperature heat, which CSP systems can provide.

Modes of supplying industrial heat:

  • Direct heat: Concentrators can heat fluids or air directly to the temperatures needed for processes such as drying, pasteurization, or sterilization.
  • Steam production: Concentrated sunlight generates steam for turbines or process heating, fitting into existing steam-based industrial systems.
  • High-temperature processes: Towers and dishes that reach high temperatures can support chemical reactions, metal processing, or feedstock heating.

Integration approaches:

  • Hybridization: CSP can supplement or partially replace fossil fuel boilers, reducing emissions while maintaining reliability.
  • Thermal storage: On-site storage smooths variability and ensures continuous heat supply during cloudy periods or at night.
  • Heat networks: Concentrated solar systems can serve multiple industrial users through district heating loops.

Benefits and considerations:

  • Emissions reduction: Replacing fossil heat lowers greenhouse gas emissions and often improves local air quality.
  • Economic match: Sites with continuous or predictable thermal demand benefit more from CSP investment.
  • Space and DNI needs: Adequate direct sunlight and land availability are required for economically viable installations.

In short, CSP provides a practical route to decarbonize industrial heat where high temperatures and continuous availability are needed, especially when paired with storage and process integration strategies.